DOI: 10.32758/2071-5951-2020-03-42-45
УДК 621.43:621.892
Глобальные требования к свойствам и методам испытаний моторных масел для новых двигателей
Zolotov V.A.
(FAE «The 25th State Research Institute of Himmotology of Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation», Moscow)
Keywords: automotive motor oils, performance properties, specification, method of test, engine, fuel economy, exhaust emissions.
Abstract.
The contribution of motor oil to fuel economy is an important part of the search for solutions in the field of fuel economy in the operation of machinery. The use of thickened oils with a lower viscosity can reduce friction under hydrodynamic conditions and is one of the strategies used. At the same time, there is a balance in the requirements for providing low-viscosity oils with protection against wear of rubbing steam at high heat load on the one hand and longer oil change intervals on the other.
Japanese OEMs have taken the lead in offering engine oils with lower viscosity grades 0W-16 and SAE 0W-20 according to SAE. While the ILSAC GF-6B specification is applicable to existing SAE 0W-16 oils as part of the development of a new gasoline engine standard, Japanese OEMs are seeking to introduce ultra-low viscosity engine oils, such as 0W- 8 according to SAE, for which the dynamic viscosity at 150 °C and shear rate of 10-6 s is from 1.7 to 2.0 MPa s, and the kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is 4.0-6.1 mm2/s. However, the Sequence VIF oil test, used to evaluate fuel economy, is not applicable for oils of viscosity SAE 0W-12 and lower, which emphasizes the need for a new fuel economy test method.
At present, when the requirements for the new categories of engine oils CK-4 and FA-4 according to API for heavy diesel engines and the categories ILSAC GF-6 A and B for gasoline engines of cars are set, the key factors for the development of these specifications are the adjustment of engine equipment, reducing exhaust emissions and increasing fuel economy.
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